- RAID 0 (Striping): Distributes data across multiple disks to improve performance. However, it offers no redundancy; if one disk fails, all data is lost.
- RAID 1 (Mirroring): Duplicates data across two or more disks. This provides redundancy, as the data can be recovered from the mirrored disk if one fails, but there is no performance gain.
- RAID 5 (Striping with Parity): Distributes data and parity information across three or more disks. It provides a good balance between performance, redundancy, and storage efficiency.
- RAID 6 (Striping with Double Parity): Similar to RAID 5 but with two parity blocks, allowing for the failure of two disks without data loss.
- RAID 10 (RAID 1+0): Combines RAID 0 and RAID 1, offering both improved performance and redundancy by striping data across mirrored disks.
To set up RAID on Linux, you'll need the mdadm tool, which is used to manage and monitor software RAID devices.