In the Linux world, file systems are crucial components that determine how data is stored and retrieved on disk. Choosing the right file system can significantly impact performance, data integrity, and storage management. In this tutorial, we’ll explore four popular Linux file systems—Ext4, XFS, Btrfs, and ZFS—comparing their features, strengths, and weaknesses to help you make informed decisions for your specific use case.
Ext4, or the fourth extended file system, is the default file system for many Linux distributions, such as Ubuntu and Debian. It is an evolution of Ext3, offering improvements in performance, scalability, and reliability. Due to its long-standing stability and widespread support, Ext4 remains a popular choice for general-purpose use.