Before diving into call, apply, and bind, it's essential to understand the this keyword. In JavaScript, this refers to the object that is currently executing the code. However, the value of this can vary depending on how a function is invoked:
- In a global function,
this refers to the global object (window in browsers). - Inside an object method,
this refers to the object. - In a constructor function,
this refers to the newly created object. - In an event handler,
this refers to the element that received the event.