In JavaScript, functions are first-class objects, meaning they can be assigned to variables, passed as arguments, and have properties and methods. Among these methods, call, apply, and bind are particularly important for controlling the this context within functions. This tutorial will explain how these methods work, how they differ, and when to use them.
Before diving into call, apply, and bind, it's essential to understand the this keyword. In JavaScript, this refers to the object that is currently executing the code. However, the value of this can vary depending on how a function is invoked: